Breast Cancer Disparities By Cory Short - 1886 Words

1 Breast Cancer Disparities By: Cory Short BIOL 486-01 Research Paper 12/15/2015 Introduction: Cancer is defined by the National Cancer Institute as the title given to a group of related diseases. All types of cancer are categorized by uncontrollable growth of cells that metastasize to surrounding tissues. Cancer can develop at almost any part of the human body and anyone can develop cancer, although risk typically increases with age because most cancers tend to require many years to develop. ?Typically, human cells tend to grow and divide and ultimately form new cells as the body needs them. When an organisms cells grow old or get damaged, the cells die, and new ones replace them. However when cancer develops, this orderly process gets reformatted. As cells increasingly get more irregular, old or damaged cells begin to survive when they should die, and new cells develop in the body when there is no need for them. These abnormal cells have the ability to divide without stopping and tend to result in growths called tumors?(cancer.gov). Cancerous tumors are defin ed as malignant meaning that they can spread to nearby tissues or metastasize to distant places in places within the body and form new cancerous tumors. There are over 100 forms of cancer and they are usually named after the organs or tissues where the cancers originate. Staging of cancer is used when describing the severity of a person?s cancer and is based upon the followingShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer Disparities By Cory Short2629 Words   |  11 Pages9 Breast Cancer Disparities By: Cory Short BIOL 486-01 Research Paper 12/15/2015 Introduction: Cancer is defined by the National Cancer Institute as ?the title given to a group of related diseases. All types of cancer are categorized by uncontrollable growth of cells that metastasize to surrounding tissues.? Cancer can develop at almost any part of the human body and anyone can develop cancer, although risk typically increases with age because most cancers tend to require

Financial Service and Industry Free Essays

Asset Transformation Purchase primary securities by selling financial claims (secondary securities) to households Secondary securities are more marketable BECAUSE Less information asymmetry Less monitoring costs More liquid Less risky Without financial intermediaries, households will find direct investments in corporate securities unattractive due to information/monitoring costs, liquidity cost and price risk. Thus flow was funds are less, little monitoring and risk of investments would increase. Specializes of financial institutions General areas (LIP TM) Liquidity services Information services Price- risk reduction services Transaction cost services Maturity intermediation services Institution- specific (McCall) Money supply transmission Credit allocation Denomination intermediation Intergenerational transfers Payment services Information costs Agency costs 0 costs relating to the risk that firm owners and managers use savers’ ends not in the best interest of the savers Financial institutions collect funds from households in order to avoid free- rider problem (incentive for information collection and monitoring), reduce costs of information collection and monitoring and to develop new secondary securities to more effectively monitor borrows. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Service and Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Liquidity and price risk Financial intermediaries provide secondary claims to household savers – high liquidity and low price risk and invest in these illiquid and risky sectors Advantage of financial institutions managing liquidity and price risk Diversification (due to size of funds) Development of better risk management techniques Disadvantage of delegated institutions Intermediary services are not free Agency issues Risk management Monitoring financial institutions Other special services Reduced Transaction Cost, I. E. Economies of scale Maturity Intermediation 0 Ability to bear the risk of mismatched maturities of assets and liabilities. Credit Allocation (Depository Flu) – Financial intermediaries are the major source of finance in particular sectors of an economy: residential real estate (US and UK), farming (Australia) . Intergenerational Wealth Transfer or Time Intermediation (life insurance, superannuation and pension funds) Payment Services – IFS provide efficient payment services to the society. Denomination Intermediation – Give individuals indirect access to large denomination markets (Money market managed funds, Debt-equity managed funds, Unit trusts) The Transmission of Monetary Policy (Banks) Financial intermediaries are widely used medium of exchange in the economy. Intermediaries’ liabilities play significant role in the transmission of monetary policy Money supply in Australia (Don’t need to know these term 0) MI : currency + bank rent deposits by private non-bank sector MM: currency + all bank deposits by private non-bank sector Broad money: MM + net borrowing of Non-bank IFS from private sector Specializes and Regulation Financial institutions receive special regulatory attention Negative externalities caused by IFS is costly to households and firms using financial services Special services provided by IFS Institution- specific functions Example: money supply transmission, credit allocations, payment services Australian Regulation System The traditional industry- based regulation entailed separate regulators for individual industry sectors – banking, insurance and security firms. Asses 0 Australia’s current financial regulatory framework originated from ‘Financial System Enquiry (Wallis Committee), Australia switched from industry-based regulation to function- based regulation. This introduced 3 regulatory agencies, each in charge of specific functional responsibilities. This reform was necessary as the distinction between the activities of different types of financial institutions was becoming more vague and also because of the overlap in regulation and grey areas. Reserve Bank of Australia (ARAB) 0 Responsible for the development and implementation of monetary policy and for overall financial system stability Australian Prudential Regulation Commission (PARA) 0 Responsible for the prudential regulation and supervision of the financial services industry Regulation of deposit- taking institutions Life and general insurance Superannuation Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIA) 0 Responsible for market integrity, consumer protection across the financial system and ensures equal and fair access to financial services. Protects against abuses (example: insider trading), lack of disclosure, malfeasance, breach of fiduciary responsibility. Major types of regulation(Scale) Safety and soundness regulation Consumer protection regulation Credit allocation regulation Investor protection regulation Monetary policy regulation Entry and chartering regulation 1. Risk reduction Encouragement for intermediaries to diversify assets Disclosure of large credit exposure 2. Minimum capital requirements 3. Safety valve Central banks’ open market operations to provide exchange settlement fund 4. Monitoring and surveillance The ARAB directly controls outside money and the bulk of the money supply is inside money (deposits). Regulators commonly impose a minimum level of cash reserves to be held against deposits. Cash reserves add to intermediaries’ net regulatory burden. There is no explicit liquidly requirement in Australia but Flu’ liquidity management policy need to be approved by PARA. Supports lending to socially important sector Example: US’ Qualified Thrift Lender test (QUIT) set a minimum amount of loans made to residential mortgages to quality as Thrift Entry Regulation Regulations define scope of permitted activities under a given charter Increasing/ Decreasing entry barriers affect profitability of existing competitors. High direct/ indirect entry costs result in larger profits for existing companies Future of Regulation Implications of SGF questioned – more regulations or more efficient regulations The major provisions include expanding and centralizing powers for Federal agencies, more restrictions and disclosures about risk taking activities by financial institutions and enhancing protection of investors and consumers. The changing dynamics of specializes Potential secular trend away from intermediation by investing directly in primary securities Decline in the relative cost of direct securities investment Growing sophistication of investors Falling costs of information acquisition and transaction Credit Risk: Individual Loan Risk Types of loans 1. Commercial and industrial loans Short term (1 year) – financing the purchase of real assets, new venture start up costs Syndicated loans 0 financing provided by a group of lenders, usually to finance large commercial and industrial loans Secured/Unsecured loans Fixed/Floating rate Spot loan 0 borrower takes down the entire loan amount immediately Loan commitment 0 can taken down anytime any amount, as long as within a maximum loan amount and a maximum period of time predetermined Commercial paper 0 unsecured short- term debt instrument 2. Real estate loans 3. Individual (consumer) loans 4. Other loans, such as, government loans, farms loans Calculating the gross return on a loan Factors affecting the promise loan return Loan interest rate = Base/Prime lending rate (BRB) + Credit risk premium (m) Direct fees (f), such as loan origination fee Indirect feeds, such as, compensating balance requirement (b), reserve requirement Credit Risk and the Expected Return on a Loan 1 -p = probability of default 0MAYBE there is a negative relationship between k and p, however k and p are not independent. As return (k) increases, the probability (p) that the borrower pays the promised return may decrease. Simply increasing k does not lead to a higher return (r). As a result, IFS usually have to control for credit risk – price/promised return and the quantity or credit availability dimensions. Retails Loans Size = Small Higher cost associated with collection of borrower’s personal credit information Control credit risk through credit rationing – limit the total expo sure/amount loaned Wholesale Loans Different interest rates to compensate for different levels of risks Credit rationing to limit credit exposure Measuring credit risk 1. Qualitative credit risk models Borrower- specific factors Example: reputation, leverage, volatility of earnings, collateral Market- specific factors Example: business cycle, level of interest rate 2. Credit scoring models Calculate a score as a proxy of borrower’s default probability Sort borrowers into efferent default classes The scoring model should establish factors the help explain default risk and evaluate the relative importance of these factors Major models 1. Linear probability model 1 if default, otherwise Weakness: the estimated default probability Z may lie outside of [0,1] Employing linear probability model is not often used as superior statistical 2. Logic model Overcomes weakness of the linear probability model using a transformation that restricts the probability to the [0,1] interval 3. Linear discriminate models Altar’s Z score model for manufacturing firms Z 2. 9, highly quality loans, low default risk Z 1. 81, very low quality loans, high default risk 1. 81 2. 99, hybrid Weaknesses Ignore hard-to-quantify factors Variables and weights in a credit scoring model are unlikely to be constant over long periods of time No centralised database on defaulted business loans for proprietary or other reasons - hard to test the validity of any model/develop new models Broad difference between bad and good borrowers 3. Term structure based methods Under market equilibrium, expected return of a risky loan = risk- free rate (after accounting for probability of default (1 -p)) Assuming a zero default recovery rate 0 p(l+k) = 1+1 p: probability of repayment k: return on the corporate debt I: expect return on the risk- free treasury security Example: What is the default probability for a one- year corporate bond? 10% expected return on the risk- free treasury bond k= 15. 8% expected return on the risky corporate debt p = 0. 95 Therefore the probability of default is 0. 05 Realistically, the Fl lender can expect to receive some partial repayment even if the borrower becomes bankrupt. Alton and Ban estimated that when firms defaulted on their bonds in 2002, the investor loses 74. % on average. = recovery rate when default occurs (1 – p) y (1 + k) = payoff to Fl when default occur p (1 + k) = payoff when no default Marginal default probability 0 probability that a bond will default in any given year t Conditional on the fact that the default has not occurred earlier = Marginal probability of default in individual periods Example: 2-period bond Default probability in period 1 Marginal default probability in period 2 Cumulative probability of default over 2 periods We can extract from these yield curves the market’s expectations of the multi- period default rates for corporate borrowers Example: Yield Yield Year 1 Year 2 T- Bonds Corporate Bonds 15. 8% One year forward rate on risk- free T-bonds One- year forward rate on corporate bonds 0 The expect probability of default in year 2 0 4. Mortality rate models Marginal mortality rate (MR.) Forward- looking 0 extract expected default rates from the current term structure of interest rates Backward looking 0 analyses the historic or past default risk experience, the mortality rates, of bonds and loans of a similar quality Non- default probability in year 1 the probability of the loan surviving in the 2nd year given that default has not occurred during the firs year, I. E. Prop(default in year 2 | survive yearly) Cumulative mortality rate (CM) Cumulative probability of default MR. is based on historic or backward-looking data, and it is highly sensitive to the period over which the Fl calculates the Mars. 5. RAZOR models It is based on market data. ROAR concept – balanced expected interest income against expected loan risk Loan approval 0 RAZOR benchmark return on capital, example: return on equity One year net income on a loan 0 (spread + fees) * dollar value of loans outstanding Loan risk 0 duration or loan default rate Method 1: Use Duration to estimate loan risk The percentage change in the market value of an asset such as a loan is related to the duration of the loan and the size of the interest rate shock Capital at risk (Vary approach) 0 the potential loan Los under adverse credit scenarios 0 Increase in risk premium under adverse credit scenarios Example: Suppose we want to evaluate the credit risk off $1 million loan with duration of 2. How to cite Financial Service and Industry, Papers

Digital Communication Strategies for Bridge- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theDigital Communication Strategies for Bridge International. Answer: Introduction Many organizations in the world today have realized the benefit that a good communication system bears to the business and its operations in general. Good communication system refers to the one that makes it possible for the workers and the organization in a more efficient, fast and reliable way. Therefore, in this paper, I will write a report on the implementation of digital media particularly on the use of social media to communicate basing my report on an organization called Bridge international-a business consultant organization. This report aims at discussing various types of social media platforms used in the organization, its impact and my recommendations on the use of social media to communicate at the place of work. Discussion The use of social media in the place of work to communicate Social media refers to different avenues or platforms that people use to interact, communicate and share ideas with one another.Most of these social media platforms are informal in that everyone is included unless an organization sets up its own for official purposes.Use of social media to communicate has become the most common means of communication for in many organizations in the globe.One of such organizations being Bridge international company whereby the workers in different departments communicate across the department mainly through the use of social media. It has been found that this means of communication has found a great support by most workers in the organization since it appears to be simple and unique unlike the analog systems of communication.(Stark Crawford, 2015) Types of social media platforms The investigation found out that there are many different types of social media platforms used in the organization.They include instagram, watsapp,facebook pages and groups and twitter .Workers are connected on every platform by linking them on groups, creating facebook pages for the organization where all the workers will get updated on any new aspect that emerges within the organization and also the outside world.It was found out that the most utilized social media platform in the organization is watsapp.A large number of the staff demonstrated greater interest on watsapp more than on any other platform.(Derks Bakker, 2013) Reasons for the use of social media to communicate at Bridge international It was found out that the company had tried by all means to phase out the analog systems of communication and embrace digital systems particularly the social media as a means of communication in the organization. There were many reasons found during the investigation as to why the company preferred to use social media over other digital communication systems. Convenience The very first reason is the convenience of the means.It was found out that social media is the most convenient platform to use. This is because, unlike other systems where the communication devices need to be supplied by the organization, social media devices can be acquired by individuals and even owned individually without any difficulty. It is also convenient to carry around most of social media communication devices unlike other bulky, immobile devices used in the analog era. Examples of such devices include mobile phones and computers .The communication system was also found to be convenient in terms of the time taken to deliver information.For instance whenever a message is posted on facebook, whatsapp group and instagram it reaches the recipient within the shortest time possible irrespective of time and the location of the recipient. Affordability .Secondly is the affordability of the devices used in social media to communicate. The social media devices are the cheapest means compared to other devices .It was also found out that they are the simplest devices ever that one can own.The organization can also facilitate with ease the use of these devices for example, Bridge international company offers free Wi-Fi networks, computers and other communication gadgets to its workers. Therefore, the company chose to embrace this new system of digital communication since it was not much expensive to the organization and its workers (Vaast Kaganer, 2013) Age factor It was also found out that most of the workers in the organization are young people who in most cases are available on social media and therefore prefer that the company uses it in communication. This indicated that all and if not all most of the young generation have embraced the new technological changes and shift from the analog ones. Impacts of Use of Social Media to Communicate in Place of Work As much as the positive impacts of use of social media to communicate at place of work may seem conspicuous, we cannot overlook on its adverse effects(McFarland, 2014) .It was found out that if not regulated, social media can be harmful in that most workers may overspend time in social media at the expense of work .This is due to the enticing and adventurous nature of the social media Conclusion According to the report therefore, it is evident that implementation of digital media in business is becoming real .In particular, this has been mostly witnessed in communication sector where most organization are shifting from the analog system to the modern digital systems(Walden, 2016).The main reason for the shift is that organizations and individuals have realized the advantages of the new technology over the old ones.The idea also has been fully promoted by the young people who are well versant with the modern technology.However, as much use of social media may be the most used communication channel, it also has its adverse effects on the workers and the organization also.Therefore, just like any other communication channels, social media should have regulations regarding its uses (Bucher, Fieseler Suphan, 2013) Recommendation According to the findings in the report, it is therefore recommended that organizations should embrace digital communications in business since it is the most convenient system of communication. It is also recommended that workers should be keen on time spent in social media to avoid overindulgence. It is recommended that employers and organizations should come up with policies on the use of social media to help their workers use the channels rightfully and also protect their privacy References Walden, J. (2016). Integrating Social Media into the Workplace: A Study of Shifting Technology Use Repertoires. Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, 60(2), 347-363. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2016.1164163 McFarland, V. (2014).Workplace Communication Quality.SSRN Electronic Journal.https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2827217 Bucher, E., Fieseler, C., Suphan, A. (2013).THE STRESS POTENTIAL OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE WORKPLACE. Information, Communication Society, 16(10), 1639-1667. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2012.710245 Stark, L., Crawford, K. (2015). The Conservatism of Emoji: Work, Affect, and Communication. Social Media + Society, 1(2), 205630511560485. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305115604853 Vaast, E., Kaganer, E. (2013). Social media affordances and governance in the workplace: An examination of organizational policies. Journal Of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(1), 78-101. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12032 Derks, D., Bakker, A. (2013).The psychology of digital media at work.Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press.

Intermediaries Review Essay Example

Intermediaries Review Paper Essay on Intermediaries When I bought this book, I thought it would be something like Night owls Westerfeld. Wrong. I will tell you a little secret, the book is not about people who have magical powers. The book of elves. As mentioned in a commentary on the book, she at once. Yes indeed, the second time there is no reason to read. Nothing to catch. Although she herself is interesting. Most of all I liked the storyline. No, not the events that occurred, and that it is impossible to predict. I myself tried several times to assume what will happen next. It was past. The author has a talent to convince the reader in the events, and then turn everything utterly feet. Thats what I really liked. Still amused that all the characters are connected. That is, the guy at the party met a girl. This girl has a girlfriend, which in turn have a friend who is dating her brother. And this brother, male friend who met a girl at a party. There are two of them, they know everything. Written at the beginning of the book here thus shows us all heroes. And in the end, we learn more about who is whose son, father, mother, etc. Well, the end. The ending is worthy of his book, and indeed, it was over really well. We know about each character, as if from the outside, and we can assume that will happen to them next. We will write a custom essay sample on Intermediaries Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intermediaries Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intermediaries Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer What I did not like, well, except sometimes appearing rough vocabulary? In the book a lot of drugs. Simply reading, I realized, remove it and its fabulous world fall apart. Everything is kept on the pollen, which almost every character at least once consumed. Sometimes the author misses to the nature of a character. It allows it to more than it can by its very nature. Well, for your character. In general, the heroes of the characters is also spelled out great. And the meaning of the book, it comes down to one. To create a new species, the creation of intermediaries. And we read only in order to get rid of a bad elf. No, the point was obviously lost in this book even in the middle, when it began to split hairs. I was expecting more from the book.

Social class and homelessness Essays

Social class and homelessness Essays Social class and homelessness Essay Social class and homelessness Essay Essay Topic: Sociology Social class is a large category of people who are similar in income level, educational attainment, and occupational prestige. There are six different social classes, the first class, capitalist class includes the wealthiest one percent of Americans second class, and the upper middle class is composed of managers or professionals and is about fifteen percent of the United States population. Third class, the lower middle class is made up of lower level managers and semi professionals, fourth class the working class is composed of clerical and sales workers and make up thirty-two percent of the population. The fifth class, the working poor includes laborers and service workers which make up ten percent and the sixth class the underclass is composed of the unemployed and underemployed which is nine to ten percent of the population. Your position in society tends to be determined by that of your ancestors. What class youre born into usually means what you will achieve. You learn your values, ambitions, drive, and determination to succeed, and set your goals from what you learn from your family members. A third of the homeless men that Mitchell Duneier spoke to ended on the streets after not being able to find work, which then led to their use of drugs and alcohol (sidewalk 52). Because they were situated in the fifth social class, the working poor, they found no other choice but to become homeless, living on the streets. Many after faced with unemployment end up with the Fuck it mentality, which enables a person to give up an apartment and sleep on the street, cutting all ties with friends and families (61). The homeless, it seems have little to no chance of becoming housed. The police take advantage of the uneducated homeless individuals, at times ignoring the law (277). Also, the homeless are not allowed use of public bathrooms. If the homeless are not allowed to use a bathroom, the only other option is to relieve oneself on the street, a concept which many refuse to accept or acknowledge. Any society with high levels of economic inequality, racism, illiteracy, and drug dependency, and with inadequate transitions from mental hospitals and prisons to work and home, will have vast numbers of people who cannot conform to the requirements of its formal institutions (317). The men that lose employment and end up turning to drugs and alcohol eventually end up spending a period in prison and then being released to the streets (52). Without any other option they turn to living on the streets, panhandling to make a living. Family, a group which is united by ties of marriage, ancestry, or adoption and who comprise a single household and raise children, plays an important aspect in the lives of those that choose to become homeless. In Rons case, both his parents were alcoholics and when he lost his job he also turned to alcohol (47-48). Without solid family support the unemployed become drug addicts living on the streets. In Rons case his elderly aunt became that support and excuse to work towards getting off the streets. For Mudrick the birth of his granddaughter gave him a reason to work hard and survive (75). In Sidewalk the aspects of what the homeless and the working poor go through is brought to light. The street vendors try to make an honest living by selling books and magazines, which is allowed by New York City ordinances. The problems they encounter make it hard for them to succeed in any form. Their presence on the sidewalks has been a source of controversy; many store vendors protest their right to sell books on the same street as their business, many times not allowing the vendors the right to use their public bathrooms. The vendors are public characters, an institution for the village with many regular customers and residents that donate reading material. Several times throughout the book the vendors give directions to lost tourists, watch over deliveries, and help to discourage crime in the village. Even though the vendors have become apart of New York, the local government is still working to discourage street vending by passing new ordinances, which cuts down on vending space. The vendors, even though trying to make an honest living are met with un-satisfaction and rudeness from all they encounter, with the police, at times, taking advantage of their power.

The Function and Location of the Pineal Gland

The Function and Location of the Pineal Gland The pineal gland is a small, pinecone-shaped gland of the endocrine system. A structure of the diencephalon of the brain, the pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin. Melatonin influences sexual development and sleep-wake cycles. The pineal gland is composed of cells called pinealocytes and cells of the nervous system called glial cells. The pineal gland connects the endocrine system with the nervous system in that it converts nerve signals from the sympathetic system of the peripheral nervous system into hormone signals. Over time, calcium deposits build-up in the pineal and its accumulation can lead to calcification in the elderly. Function The pineal gland is involved in several functions of the body including: Secretion of the hormone melatoninRegulation of endocrine functionsConversion of nervous system signals to endocrine signalsCauses sleepinessInfluences sexual developmentInfluences immune system functionAntioxidant activity Location Directionally the pineal gland is situated between the cerebral hemispheres and attached to the third ventricle. It is located in the center of the brain. Pineal Gland and Melatonin Melatonin is produced within the pineal gland and synthesized from the neurotransmitter serotonin. It is secreted into the cerbrospinal fluid of the third ventricle and is directed from there into the blood. Upon entering the bloodstream, melatonin can be circulated throughout the body. Melatonin is also produced by other body cells and organs including retinal cells, white blood cells, gonads, and skin. Melatonin production is vital to the regulation of sleep-wake cycles (circadian rhythm) and its production is determined by light and dark detection. The retina sends signals about light and dark detection to an area of the brain called the hypothalamus. These signals are eventually relayed to the pineal gland. The more light detected, the less melatonin produced and released into the blood. Melatonin levels are at their highest during the night and this promotes changes in the body that help us to sleep. Low levels of melatonin during daylight hours help us to stay awake. Melatonin has been used in the treatment of sleep-related disorders including jet lag and shift-work sleep disorder. In both of these cases, a persons circadian rhythm is disrupted either due to travel across multiple time zones or due to working night shifts or rotating shifts. Melatonin has also been used in the treatment of insomnia and depressive disorder. Melatonin influences the development of reproductive system structures as well. It inhibits the release of certain reproductive hormones from the pituitary gland that affect male and female reproductive organs. These pituitary hormones, known as gonadotropins, stimulate gonads to release sex hormones. Melatonin, therefore, regulates sexual development. In animals, melatonin plays a role in regulating mating seasons. Pineal Gland Dysfunction Should the pineal gland begin to function abnormally, a number of problems may result. If the pineal gland is not able to produce sufficient amounts of melatonin, a person could experience insomnia, anxiety, low thyroid hormone production (hypothyroidism), menopause symptoms, or intestinal hyperactivity. If the pineal gland produces too much melatonin, a person could experience low blood pressure, abnormal function of the adrenal and thyroid glands, or Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). SAD is a depressive disorder that some individuals experience during the winter months when sunlight is minimal. Sources Emerson, Charles H. â€Å"Pineal Gland.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, www.britannica.com/science/pineal-gland.Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Melatonin.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, www.britannica.com/science/melatonin.

Does the Beauty and Majesty of the Natural World Need to Be Tied to a Essay

Does the Beauty and Majesty of the Natural World Need to Be Tied to a Higher or More Spiritual Force to Be Truly Understood - Essay Example Even in the cases when nature itself is considered divine, more conscious attitude to one’s own religious beliefs is psychologically beneficial. Some objections to this view are examined and followed by counterarguments related to current environmental ethics and politics. People need to have values in life. The need for spirituality is proven by psychological studies (Schroeder, 1992) and numerous moments of our daily experience. We want to transcend the limits of our own personalities by experiencing Other, be it in God, nature, or other entities (Schroeder, 1992, p. 25). Protection of environment is another acute need of humanity. There are numerous ways of satisfying these two necessities. The difference between them lies in the question where is the Other. Or, to put it playfully, who is the Significant Other? Once a person has decided, it becomes clear what God and nature mean to him or her. For pantheists and deep ecologists, nature is valuable by definition (Naess, 197 3). For most of the believers of world religions, nature is beautiful and majestic as long as its phenomena are sanctioned by some deity. Even pagans worship the deities of streams, trees, and rocks, not nature itself. But regardless from the forces considered divine in any one of these cases, the value of nature should not be mediated and limited by any other values.... It often establishes some hierarchy: many animals are believed to be ‘unclean’ or ‘sacred’ in various religions, and the believers treat those animals accordingly. Usually, this inequality does not result in animal massacres or maltreatment, but it has subtler implications for the entire ecosystems. In most of such hierarchies of world religions, human beings are usually situated above the other living creatures, so that the decisions about the entire ecosystems are made, so to speak, in their ‘favour’. This anthropocentrism of traditional culture is blamed for environmental crisis by deep ecologists and radical environmentalists, as it fails to represent the parts of ecosystem as interrelated (Leopold, 1949). There is also selectivity of non-human species: for instance, people are more likely to preserve the spotted owls than the insects that belong to the same ecosystem. It may be argued that human eye is selective by nature and that our exper ience of nature is still mediated by something, be it religion, science, or anything else. This view echoes the one expressed by Ralph Emerson, a classic representative of transcendentalism: that the poet’s eye â€Å"can integrate all the parts† (Emerson, 1836), thereby giving them sense. For Emerson, art and spirit were superior to nature: â€Å"Have mountains, and waves, and skies, no significance but what we consciously give them, when we employ them as emblems of our thoughts? (...) the whole of nature is a metaphor of the human mind† (Emerson, 1836). From the fact that our interaction with nature is mediated, it does not follow that our view is right. Schroeder (1992) explains that spiritual experience, including the spiritual experience of nature, should be

Theory of Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Theory of Knowledge - Essay Example This, therefore, leads to justification of our beliefs. Justification is established by the distinction between believing that something is true and between knowing that something is what it is. For instance, for a belief to be justified, it has to be endorsed by some other idea so that it can be dependable or relied upon. More so, the concept supporting it must be believed to be true and lastly, it is significant that we have a substantive or credible and viable reason for us to believe that the idea endorsing our belief is actually real. When all these ideas are put together, it constitutes true and credible knowledge. Additionally, it is important that our knowledge that we acquire be true or real. Truth is the capability of the information acquired being consistent with evident presented and truths about it. Thus, all information is believed to be true and it is known to be true, which in turn makes up credible, reliable knowledge. Rationality is the ability to act using reason i n relation to the facts of reality of certain scenario or situation (Allen 31). Thus, if one is having false knowledge, they are not in a position to act rationally but on the other hand, if they have true and credible knowledge, they will be in a position to act or behave rationally. It is vital to note that it is possible for people to act reasonably or rationality without their knowledge since they posses wrong knowledge. The only way to avoid such kind of situation is that individuals need to reason cautiously about any scenario before they act on it. Immanuel Kant formulated his principles regarding what is right and wrong. He developed a system of three questions he referred to as formulations which an individual need to ask before undertaking any action in order to decide upon ethicality of the action. It is significant for a person to ask himself if the action they are about to partake corresponds to a rule, which should be used universally. It is good to view other people a s our end objective rather than the means to gain personal goals. For Kant, the driving force is a determining factor to what extent can an action be regarded as ethical. This driving force is known as motive. Kant’s objective morality can be well understood from a more precise philosophical vocabulary (Allen 36-7). Although, it is natural that everything in the universe acts in accordance with the law, Kant argues that only rational beings in obedience and respect to the objective principle influenced by practical reason can influence their actions. Human beings have got subjective impulses such as desires and inclinations that may contradict how they reason. According to Kant, human beings hold a significant place in creation and morality can be said to be ultimate commandment of imperative or reason. For instance, objective principle includes acting in accordance with the law and ignoring other agents such as inclinations and desires in making moral judgments. Moral action is not justified if it is done out

Comparing the Fall of Han China and Roman Empire Essay Example for Free

Comparing the Fall of Han China and Roman Empire Essay Han China and Rome were two of the most powerful and popular empires of their time, but they fell like any other empire before them. Han China and Rome’s Empires had the same causes for their declines, but their effects are different. The major reasons for the fall of Rome are truly those that have to do with Romes political and economic state. One of the Rome’s problems prior to its fall was the lack of respect for authority, among the citizens and military forces. All the attacks from the barbarians caused problems in the military. This basically led to a lot of political turmoil because of all the chaos that was born, and it started to make the military crumble as well. Romes economy started to go downhill too, after a long period of time, especially because of the gold. The Romans started using gold (coins) and because of that the trade shortage of the eastern regions of the Empire served to block the growth of wealth in the west. The major reasons for Han China Empire’s fall were also because of their economic and political problems, but the effects are different. One of Han China’s problems was the uprising of desperate and hungry peasants. Another problem was their lack of authority to the Han government, which caused the economic problem. The Han Empire was being invaded by nomads, which were also known as barbarians. These barbarians kept invading the empire and made them have to keep fighting, and provide military forces. This worsened the economy and Han finances. Han government had to hire foreign soldiers who only wanted to be paid for their services which made the economy even worse.

The Image of the Big House as a Central Motif in The Real Charlotte Ess

The Image of the Big House as a Central Motif in The Real Charlotte The image of the 'big house' has long been a central motif in Anglo-Irish literature. From Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent (1800), it has been a source of inspiration to many writers. One of the reason s for the surge in "castle rackrents" (a generic term employed by Charles Maturin) through the 19th and early 20th century, is that many writers who used the 'big house' as a backdrop to their work were residents of such houses themselves - writers such as Sommerville and Ross, George Moore and Elizabeth Bowen, were born into the ascendancy and wrote about an era and society with which they were familiar. However modern writers, such as Molly Keane and John Banville, have also found the romantic qualities of the 'big house' alluring and therefore have continued to use the era and setting as a backdrop in their works. The 'big house' genre has resulted in such an outpouring of works of this type of fiction, that one critic remarked: "seems to have flourished in direct proportion to the historical demise of the culture it seeks to display." [1] The Real Charlotte is set in a period, which can be described as the 'Indian Summer' of the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy. An 'Indian Summer' is a period of relative calm before the on set of winter: in this case it is a metaphor describing the life of leisure the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy lived with their grand tea parties, hunting, theatrical performances etc, pursuits and interests which W.B. Yeats associated with 'big house' life in general: "Life [which] overflows without ambitious pains." [2] However, this period of calm is followed by the onslaught of winter, with the Great Famine and the r... ...l Charlotte. Somerville and Ross were daughters of the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy, and as they wrote their novel based on their experiences, perhaps it was only natural that some aspects of The Real Charlotte depict the decay of Big Houses and the Ascendancy class. It is through the development of characterisation and setting, that Somerville and Ross artfully portray the demise of the Big House and it's inhabitants at the hand of ambitious middle classes, and as a result of political evolution. For this reason the novel is historically accurate in showing the decline of the Big House. But despite their historic downfall, the Big Houses of the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy have found a new lease of life in literature as the Big House genre, making reality what W.B Yeats once said: "Whatever flourish and decline These stones remain their monument and mine." [31]

How I See Myself 10 Years From Now

Ten years Ten years from now I see myself as a very successful person. I would be 25 years old have a job to help support my family while I attend college. I would live in a large house on a decent amount of property. I will have a large barn with a huge indoor arena. I will have 13 horses, 4 dogs, and a lot of barn cats. I will be going to school to be a neurosurgeon. A neurosurgeon is a surgeon who specializes only on the spine and brain.It would take many years of schooling and a lot of money, but when I'm finished I will have a high paying job and be very happy. I want to be a surgeon because I would be helping or saving someone else. I would work long shifts and many days, but it would definitely be worth it. I hope to be married or getting married in ten years. Then after I will have at least two kids and if I have more than oh well. I don't want just one, because then they will be alone and definitely would be spoiled.I would like to adopt a child, but if my husband doesn't th en we won't. I will be a good mother and wife. My house will be fairly large with a inside pool and an outdoor pool. I will have nice brick tiled walkways leading to the barn, pastures, driveway, and pool. I will have nice landscaping around the house. A decent size pond behind the house where we could fish, swim and whatever else. I will have a nice large dog house made for the dogs, but they will sleep in the regular house.

Information Literacy †What does it mean?

The 21st century has been defined as the â€Å"Information Age† due to the fact that there has been an overwhelming amount of â€Å"information output and information sources.†Ã‚   (ACRL, 2006, p. 1)   In a report released in 1989 by the American Library Association’s Presidential Committee on Information Literacy stated that, â€Å"No other change in American society has offered greater challenges than the emergence of the Information Age.† (Association of College & Research Libraries, 1989, n.a).   In order to combat the growing need for students to adapt to this age of information, professionals began working towards providing an educational environment that focuses on information literacy. To define Information literacy and narrow it down to one specific interpretation would be impossible, as it has been defined in a variety of ways since 1970.   To offer a broad definition, the American College of Research Libraries defines it as, â€Å"the set of skills needed to find, retrieve, analyze and use information.   (ACRL, 2006, p. 1) Christina Bruce, has also defined information literacy as â€Å"the overarching literacy essential for 21st century living.†Ã‚   (Bruce, 2004, p. 2) A number of professionals continue to develop strategies and policies that will enhance the area of information literacy and enable educators to assist students as they take advantage of the information and communication avenues available to them.   (Bruce, 2004, p. 2) Christina Doyle was the first to introduce the Delphi technique into the realm of information literacy, in her 1992 study where a national panel of experts from the National Forum of Information Literacy conducted a study that took a deeper look into the National Education Goals.   (Doyle, 1994, p. 21) This technique was used to reach an agreement among professionals that â€Å"information Literacy is the ability to access, evaluate and use information from a variety of sources.†Ã‚   (Doyle 1992).   The outcome of this study defined the framework to show the critical nature of information literacy and the importance of working to create an information society. (Doyle, 1994, p. 21) The goals established by this committee lead to â€Å"successful education and employment for all Americans.†Ã‚   (Doyle, 1994, p. 21) Since 1980, a variety of information literacy skill models have been developed by educators, national and state organizations and national associations dedicated to information literacy.   These models are designed to support student educators as they attempt to integrate information into their classrooms, assist school librarians as they attempt to provide leadership in the school system, and to assist professionals as they attempt to stay in tune with technology advancements.   (Stripling, 1999, p. 54)   These models provide educators the means to teach students a series of processes and steps to follow as they evaluate and process information.   (Bruce, 2004, p. 3) Perhaps one of the most popular models is the Eisenberg and Berkowitz Big6 model.   Eisenberg and Berkowitz define their approach as, â€Å"a systematic approach to information and problem solving.†Ã‚   (Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1990, p. 1)   They also believe that through the model’s evolution that it has developed two additional definitions – â€Å"2) six broad skill areas are necessary for successful information problem solving. Students need to develop a range of competencies within each skill area. 3) a complete library and information skills curriculum are necessary.   Often referred to as a scope and sequence the Big Six Skills offers a systematic alternative to traditional K-12 frameworks that focus on location and access skills.†Ã‚   (Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1990, p. 1)     Ã‚  Ã‚  This approach has been widely accepted and implemented by many schools. Another model used to shape the way that students obtain and evaluate information is the Stripling and Potts Research Process Model.   It was originally developed in 1988 and was widely accepted â€Å"because it provided a guide through each state of creating a research paper.†Ã‚   (Reidling & Eisenberg, 2002, p. 7)   Stripling and Pitts suggest that students follow a 10 step research process within a outline that shows the student how information literacy skills build upon each other.  Ã‚   (Reidling & Eisenberg, 2002, p. 7) Research continues to progress in the area of information literacy, as information and technology continue to advance.   Education requires a learning model that is based upon the foundation of the real world – a model that is active and incorporated with reality, rather than separated.   (Association of College & Research Libraries, 1989, n.a).   For this reason, information literacy is a means of personal empowerment. It allows people to verify or refute expert opinion, and to become independent seekers of truth. (Association of College & Research Libraries, 1989). But how much information is too much? In business, Herbert E. Meyer, who has served as an editor for Fortune magazine and as vice-chairman of the National Intelligence Council, describes in his 1988 book, Real World Intelligence (2), the astonishment and growing distress of executives who `are discovering that the only thing as difficult and dangerous as managing a large enterprise with too little information is managing one with too much` (Meyer, 1987 p.29).   Meyer does, however, go on to stress that companies should focus and rely on public sources that are available to them for a great deal of their information.   (Meyer, 1987 p.36). It is important that a focus is placed upon differentiating between information literacy and information technology.   Information technology skills â€Å"enable an individual to use computers, software applications, databases, and other technologies to achieve a wide variety of academic, work-related, and personal goals.†Ã‚   (American Library Association, 2000, p. 3) Information literacy is, â€Å"a set of abilities requiring people to ‘recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate and use effectively the needed information.†Ã‚   (American Library Association, 2000, p. 2)   Information literacy consists of more than searching through library reference materials – it’s a goal for learners and does not consist of just one technique or method.   (Gilton, 1994) The traditional way of library research is being abandoned as our society turns to the Internet for electronic resources.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Increased access to technology has altered the way that students study, while the variety of electronic information resources has widened the potential resource base for all students.† (Orr, Appleton, & Wallin, 2001, p. 457) Approximately 75% of schools today have internet access and it is quickly becoming an important teaching tool in the educational classroom. (German & Bartolo, 2001, p. 1)   Multiple studies have been done showing the impact that the Internet is having on students.   It has been shown that 20 % of the college students do not make any judgment about the quality or reliability of the information that they obtain from the Internet or other sources. (Zabel, 2004, p. na) With the onset of the Internet and the challenge it has posed on the information literacy curriculum, professional organizations are partnering with educators to work with students in educational systems of all levels.   Austin Peay State University’s Woodward Library was one of 23 universities that created a program to assist students to â€Å"evaluate information available on the World Wide Web.†Ã‚   (Austin Peay State University Quick News, 2001, p. na) This venture supporting the tactics of Information Literacy was supported by the Association of College and Research Libraries and funded through the federal Institute of Museum and Library Services National Leadership Grant.   (Austin Peay State University Quick News, 2001, p. na) In an effort to support the importance of Information Literacy, efforts are being made to create evaluation tools for both students and educators to enable both to use the internet as an effective resource.  Ã‚   Project 2061, a project sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, has been created to reinforce the methods of information literacy in the area of science and mathematics.   (German & Bartolo, 2001, p. 1) Information literacy is challenged by the constantly changing environment of the Information Age.   The challenge of education is to continue to develop â€Å"creative and rational thinkers who can solve problems and who can be reflective.†Ã‚   (Doyle, 1994, p. 44)   The Big6 approach to information problem solving is still the most widely used model to reinforce and teach information literacy, as approximately 84,000 teachers have been trained in the program. (Serim, 2002, p. na) Both national and international organizations are reacting to the digital age and the implications on education by designing effective intervention programs and methods.   (Serim, 2002, p. na) Though there is a great deal of work yet to be done, the foundation and practices of information literacy provide an environment where students can strive to meet the challenge. References Acrl. (2006, August 28). Association of College and Research Libraries. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlissues/acrlinfolit/infolitoverview/introtoinfolit/introinfolit.htm#what Ala. (2000). Information Literacy Competency Standards (Publication). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. American Library Association. (2000). Information Literacy Competency Standards (Publication). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. Austin Peay State University Quick News. (2001, July 30). APSU works on information literacy. Austin Peay State University Quick News. Retrieved from http://www.apsu.edu/quicknews/2001/0730/literacy.htm Bruce, C. S. (2004). Information Literacy as a Catalyst for Educational Change (Rep.). Yeppoon, Queensland: Queensland University of Technology. Chisholm, M. (1989). Presidential Committee on Information Literacy: Final Report (Rep.). Washington, D.C.: Association of College and Research Libraries American Library Association. Doyle, C. S. (1994). Information Literacy in an Information Society: A Concept for the Information Age. Syracuse, New York: ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology. Eisenberg, M. B., & Berkowitz, R. E. (1990). Information problem-solving: the big six skills approach to library & information skills instruction. Norwood, New Jersey: Alex Publishing Corporation. German, L., & Bartolo, L. M. (2001). Science and Information Literacy on the Internet: Using the Standards Created by the Association of College and Research Libraries and Project 2061 to Create a Science Web Page Evaluation Tool (Rep.). Denver, Colorado: Association of College and Research Libraries. Gilton, D. L. (1994). A World of Difference: Preparing for Information Literacy Instruction for Diverse Groups. MultiCultural Review, 3, 54-62. Orr, D., Appleton, M.,   & Wallin, M. (2001). Information literacy and flexible delivery: Creating a conceptual framework and model. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 27, 457-463. Reidling, A. M., & Eisenberg, M. (2002). Learning to Learn: A Guide to Becoming Information Literate (Teens the Library Series). New York, New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc. Serim, F. (2002, May/June 10). The Importance of Contemporary Literacy in the Digital Age: A Response to Digital Transformation: A Framework for Information Communication Technologies (ICT) Literacy. The Big6: Information Skills for Student Achievement. Retrieved from http://www.big6.com/showarticle.php?id=157 Stripling, B. K. (1999). Learning and Libraries in an Information Age: principles and practice. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited. Zabel, D. (2004). A Reaction to †Information Literacy and Higher Education. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 30, 17-21.      

the planet klux essays

the planet klux essays The Panet Klux A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away there was the Planet Klux. On this planet was a peace-loving race of white, rich, waspy people. They were all the same, no one was different. In fact, on the Planet Klux being different was often punishable by death. 1. On rare occasions, a child would be born with a birth defect or handicap. These children, when they were old enough(usually around two or three), would be sent to the other side of the planet where they would live until the leaders of the community would come up with a reason for them to be killed. This was like a holiday to all of the residents of the Planet Klux, all of the children were let off school, and it was a day when no one had to work. They would bring the person who was to be killed back. By this time the criminals were normally in their mid-twenties. Once the person was declared guilty by the community leaders, the men of the town would lynch, burn, stone, or beat them to death. Sometimes, if the men of the community were especially drunk, they would pull the person behind a truck for a mile and a half or so until their heads had fallen off, and so had their various limbs. Then they would go out into a field and burn a cross. This was their way of offering up the sin ners to their god. Once an alien ship landed on the Planet Klux, and inside was a group of peaceful visitors. They were very different from the people of the planet Klux. They had black skin, hair, and eyes. Some of them weren't even Waspy - - they were Jewish. Also, they encouraged being an individual, and being different and unique. Heck, they didn't even wear the same color clothes! This made the Kluxians very upset. First, the aliens had landed on their land, PLUS, they had messed up their day, AND they were different. So, the people of the planet Klux killed all of the people on the ship in the normal ways: burnings, lynching, stonings, and ...

A Current Event Essay

After the United States bombed Japan in World War Two, Korea was divided into two countries: North and South Korea. The economy in each country had different outcomes, which prevented and complicated these two countries coming back together. The US and five other countries, including North and South Korea, were involved in the Six Party Talks to try to combine the two conflicting countries. In 2005, North Korea was afraid it was giving away to much information about their nuclear weapons and they withdrew from the Six Party Talk. Although the United States has participated in talks with North Korea before, the US should engage in talks with them because they need to make a decision that will affect the country by preventing starvation or saving their nuclear weapons program. As stated in the New York Times, â€Å"Almost one out of two children is chronically malnourished North Korea runs a shortage of one million tons of food a year† (Sang-Hun). The United States should engage in talks with North Korea because their people are the ones suffering due to lack of nutrition. The government should understand that the future of North Korea wouldn’t look too bright with a smaller population and residents that are more angered than today. Also, since this country is under a dictatorship, the people have no input on topics, such as this one, that can help the bulk of their people. If the government were to continue to go against the people, an uprising should be expected and to other countries this wouldn’t come as a shock. With the help of the United States, the US can compromise with the North Korean government and supply aid for the deprived people. Not only is it in the best interest for the North Koreans, but for their government to negotiate to keep themselves in power. Another worry for the United States is North Korea has possession of nuclear weapons. As stated in the New York Times, â€Å"Since six-party talks ended, North Korea has detonated a nuclear device and tested a long-range rocket that may one day be able to carry nuclear warheads â€Å" (Knowlton and Sang-Hun). With having this as a â€Å"safety† or backup, Kim Jung IL is believed to have sold nuclear parts to Iran and Syria. What’s even worse is North Korea has the choice to sell their nuclear materials to Al Qaeda. The United States is concerned that if Al Qaeda were to possess these materials, they could create nuclear weapons and use this to hurt other countries, such as the US and Israel. Al Qaeda has no guilt for hurting large masses of people, so firing these VERY dangerous weapons, and killing people, wouldn’t be on their conscious. If the United States were to engage in talks with North Korea, they could compromise on dismantling their nuclear weapons, and could prevent nuclear materials from getting into the wrong hands. In conclusion, the United States would be making the right decision to engage in talks with North Korea for the sake of their starving people and from keeping nuclear materials out of the hands of Al Qaeda. This would help secure our safety and could potentially give the United States another ally in Asia. North Koreans are starving and with out the nuclear weapons they receive aid, if North Korea were to keep their nuclear weapons the civilians continue to starve. Brian Knowlton and Choe Sang-Hun, New U. S. Envoy to Talk With North Koreans, New York Times, October 19, 2011. Choe Sang-Hun, Head of U. N. Humanitarian Aid Paints Dire Scene in North Korea, New York Times, October 24, 2011

Analysis and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis and Design - Essay Example Guilty Driver inherits from the driver and has all the attributes for the driver. In addition it also has the fine details, payment process. Innocent driver also is inherited from the main driver but makes use of the guilty driver processes when required to pay. In addition to the attributes that the guilty has, this will also have court processing. Suspended driver in case of drivers who fail to pay the fine. Their license details are all maintained in this. InTrial driver has the trial date details. 3. Use Case Diagram 4. Use Case - Scheduling a Court Date Description Table: Source Actor Action Destination Actor Driver Sends request for court date Officer Officer Prepares a trial date questionnaire. Driver Prepares a ticket details report Court Driver Fills in the trial date questionnaire Court Court Fixes the trial date and sends the intimation report. Driver Officer Sequence Diagram 5. Structured Approach and Object Oriented Approach Structured Design The computer was expected to solve certain problems that are mathematical and / or processing of the information, compare or sort. In order to solve these problems, a top down approach was originally used in procedural approach to problem solving. The structured approach was one step ahead of the procedural approach. In both the approaches, the problem was visualized and the method to solve the problem was the one that was worked on. Problem to solve is to be identified and then a step by step process towards solution was worked out in the case of procedural approach. There were a number of hardships faced once the problem became complex. In order to overcome this problem the structured approach was adopted. The problem that needed a solution was broken down into smaller... Innocent driver also is inherited from the main driver but makes use of the guilty driver processes when required to pay. In addition to the attributes that the guilty has, this will also have court processing. The computer was expected to solve certain problems that are mathematical and / or processing of the information, compare or sort. In order to solve these problems, a top down approach was originally used in procedural approach to problem solving. The structured approach was one step ahead of the procedural approach. In both the approaches, the problem was visualized and the method to solve the problem was the one that was worked on. Problem to solve is to be identified and then a step by step process towards solution was worked out in the case of procedural approach. There were a number of hardships faced once the problem became complex. In order to overcome this problem the structured approach was adopted. The problem that needed a solution was broken down into smaller problems. This meant that we had multiple numbers of smaller problems to be solved. On these multiple smaller problems the original procedural approach is applied and solution is reached.

The Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union, Al-Mujahedeen, and Research Paper

The Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union, Al-Mujahedeen, and Afghanistan War in the Period of Cold War - Research Paper Example of the Soviet Union to invade Afghanistan had a severe effect on the diplomatic relationship between the Soviets, and the United States, changing the complexion and nature of rivalry that existed between the two countries†. Furthermore, Mayer (2008) maintains that the occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Army created a regional and a global security concern mainly because the neighboring of Iran, Pakistan and other nations of the world, were waiting anxiously for purposes of witnessing the response of United States. Mayer (2008 p. 61) asserts â€Å"that the response of the United States was a covert action by the CIA to arm and train the Mujahedeen fighters in Afghanistan for purposes of fighting the Soviet Union†. This operation began in the 1980s, and ended in 1989 with the withdrawal of the Soviet Union in Afghanistan. This paper analyzes the ethical issues surrounding the assistance that the United States gave to the Mujahedeen fighters during this period, only to label them later as terrorists when the Mujahedeen were no longer taking care of the interests of United States. In meeting the objectives of this paper, this paper will talk about the Mujahedeen fighters, and the role that United States played in helping them to defeats the Soviet Union. This paper also analyzes the role of the Soviet Union in this crisis, and the reasons of its invasion of Afghanistan. Specifically, this paper will talk about the kind of support that the US gave to the Mujahedeen fighters, and the kind of support that Soviet Union gave to the Afghanistan government, and the impact of these supports today. This paper further identifies the methods in which the international community can use for purposes of disarming the Mujahedeen fighters, and the role of the society in this process. Furthermore, the researcher will talk about Al-Qaeda and their relationship with the Taliban, and how they evolved into becoming the enemies of United States. This paper focuses on the reasons

Primary recovery goal and steps for reaching the goal Assignment

Primary recovery goal and steps for reaching the goal - Assignment Example He would then subject non-critical patients, in hospital, to neurological test, and then conduct the test on patients who were not taken to the hospital. This would identify all victims by their needs and help in the recovery of all of them. Victims who are more likely to need crisis intervention. People whose positions or actions put in danger or whose actions endanger others are the ones likely to require crisis intervention (Government of Victoria, 2010, p. 42, 43). This is because recovery initiatives aim at managing current conditions of patients and preventing further harm. The category of patient is, however, likely to cause harm, and therefore delay recovery objective, and this establishes the significance of focusing on their stability. Some major health concerns after a disaster that may affect the community and possible actions for improving the health concerns The disaster has many health concerns that the community may face. Wildfire increases the risk of â€Å"asthma, emphysema, and cardiovascular diseases† among members of the society. The disaster is also likely to worsen conditions of a member of the community who already suffer from heart complications. High incidence of cancer, due to a carcinogen in smoke, stress, and mental complications are also likely. Wayne can organize for counseling sessions on stress management and ways of reducing further exposure to toxins from the wildfires. This will help in elevating depression and mental illnesses and in reducing the risk of the terminal diseases.

A Report On Jeeves Plc

A Report On Jeeves Plc In recent years, there is worldwide competition among the companies to secure a marketplace due to the increasing demand amongst the customers. In order to survive in the global marketplace the companies have to give an improved quality of products and services. This Report provides a detailed study of the understanding of total quality management. It also provides an effective decision making techniques to improve the quality of the organisation. The methodologies employed for the integrated quality management as allied to the aspects of the total quality culture. In this project, i have discussed the problems made by JEEVES PLC COMPANY and its causes. With the help of total quality management, I have also suggested some valuable points that can help the company to recover from the problematic situation. In recent years, there is worldwide competition among the companies to secure a marketplace due to the increasing demand amongst the customers. In order to survive in the global marketplace the companies have to give an improved quality of products and services. In some market place there is an increasing supply of competitively priced products and services from low labour cost countries such as those in Far East, China, Vietnam, Philippine and India. Therefore the continuous improvements in total business activities with the focus on the customer throughout the entire organisation and an emphasis on flexibility and quality are one of the main means by which the companies face up to these competitive threats. The quality and its management and the associated continuous improvements are looked upon by many organisations as the means by which they can survive in increasingly aggressive markets and a competitive edge over the rivals. As a result of the efforts made by organisations to r espond to these marketplace demands the quality of products, services and processes has increased considerably during the last decades. QUALITY: The term quality can be defined in different ways. In general Quality can be defined as Degree to which a set of inherent characteristic fulfils requirements on a product which in-turn meets the consumer needs. It can also be defined as the characteristic which meets the requirement of a consumer on a process, a product or a service. Philip Crosbys defined quality as conformance to requirements. (Dale, 1999,2003) Therefore the definition of quality can be defined in its own according to the each related person and related fields. In technical usage, the word Quality is widely accepted to have two meanings. A characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs; and A product or service free of deficiencies. (Nanda, 2005) QUALITY MANAGEMENT: Quality management is defined as follows Quality management comprises all activities that are required to plan for quality in an organisation, and all activities that are required to satisfy quality objectives. Quality management comprises of four elements, they are Quality planning Quality control Quality assurance Quality improvement Quality planning: Quality planning refers to activities that are performed to: Establish quality objectives Identifying quality requirements Plan for quality management systems Plan for process execution Quality control: Quality control comprises activities executed to fulfil the requirements for quality. This includes: Activities to monitor a process to ensure its output is of required quality; and Activities to correct discrepancies when they occur. Quality assurance: Quality assurance comprises all the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality system that can be demonstrated to provide confidence that a product or service will fulfil requirements for quality. Quality improvement: Quality improvement can be defined as: Enhancement in the effectiveness and efficiency of the processes; and Enhancement in the extent to which a product satisfies applicable requirements (including quality requirements). TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: It is an approach that puts quality at the heart of everything that is done by an operation and including all activities within an operation. This in total can be summarised by the TQM lays particular stress on the following: Meeting the needs and expectation of customers; Covering all parts of the organisation; Including every person in the organisation ; Examining all costs which are related to quality, especially failure costs; Getting things right first time i.e. designing in quality rather than inspecting it in; Developing the systems and procedures which support quality and improvement; Developing a continuous process of improvement . Main implementation issues in TQM initiatives: A number of factors appear to be influential in ensuring the success of TQM. These are; The existence of a fully worked-out quality strategy; Top-managements support; A steering group to guide the initiative; An adequate recognitions and rewards the rewards scheme; Group-based improvements; An emphasis on appropriate training. (Nigel Slack, 2004) AN INTRODUCTION TO CASE STUDY ON JEEVES PLC: JEEVES PLC Company manufactures and sells an electronic consumer durable product. This is a domestic robot which is similar to human appearance and its mainly designed to carry out the domestic work. The robot is made up of light alloy material and is equipped with the sensory apparatus like radar which helps in moving the robot without colliding into the things and to carry out the work properly. The robot is controlled to carry out the work with the keyboard underneath the panel of the body. As a special feature it has got equipped with a memory system which is used in programming the machine to walk, move its hands and to perform other movements and as a special feature it is designed with voice programming and has got some simple speaking abilities such that it responds to some of the verbal commands given by the user. PRODUCTION PROCESS The sequence of the production of the robots is as follows: 1).Initially at the production process an order is placed by the department of sales .The robot is manufactured with the ultra light Kevlar and alloy steel sheet which is ordered from the local steel stock holders and the component suppliers supplies the electronic components like electric motors and the batteries, audio recognition devices system and radar vision system and are delivered and analysed. 2).In the following next step the delivered raw material stock is supplied to the inspection department for inspecting the quality certification standards where the quality standards are not to exceed more than 0.3% and 5% of the sample stock was taken by the inspection department randomly. 3).The steel sheet is cut into the required shapes using the high end computer controlled mechanical machinery such as guillotine and any scrap is discarded, followed by making the special joints on precision machined. 4).Once the cutting process is completed the cut sheets are passed to pressing stage to press them into the appropriate shapes such as fronts, backs, arms ,legs, and heads and drilled to facilitate assembly, followed by cleaning ,burnishing and spraying the appropriate colours to increase the appearance of the robot. 5).The painting process is carried out in order to make the surface of the robot free from rust and to give a good appearance such that it attracts the customers. The entire painting process is an automated process, the process proceed through a series chemical treatments then followed by blowing the dried using a hand held hose. The overall painting process involves two coatings of paint which is done by spraying and after once the first coat is completed the casings are polished with the help of machine. Then the last step ends with the hand finishing and polishing .Then the cases are taken from the work in progress (W.I.P) store and kept on a semi-automated assembly line. 6).The next step in the process is precision jointing which helps the robot to rotate its parts like shoulders, knees, and elbow and wrist joints in 6 planes and in consequence. The electronic components like battery, ceramic electric motor, printed circuit boards and storage cards are fixed to the back of the robot machine and also radar vision, gyroscopic balance system and audio reorganisation systems are fixed to the back of the head of the machine. Fibre optic cabling is also done when the arms and legs are assembled with joints and the fronts and backs are joined by using high adhesives. 7).Fronts and backs of the various cases are joined together using high technology epoxy adhesives. Then these applicators receive the casing halves along the assembly line where the adhesives along the surfaces using are spread using a gun. The major joints are done by robot applicators but certain small and in accessible areas have to be made by hand. Cases joined after components got fixed within them. Then the next step in process is to move the entire cases to the final assembly followed by the inspection and the test area to check the tests for held water and air tightness and smoothness of fit. 8).Each sub-assembly is inspected before final assembly. The head, body, arms and legs are connected up using multi-dimensional jointing and flexible hoses. After all the final inspection tests are carried out then the machine is subjected to some practical tests once after the software is installed into the system for visual inspection which follows in a sequence which takes for five consecutive weeks. (link, 2009) IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM AND ITS CAUSES: Problem-1 Problem1 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Cost of failure prevention is low (4%) Appraisal and inspection cost is 44% WHERE IS IT? Distribution of quality cost Distribution of quality cost WHEN DID IT OCCUR? Estimation of quality cost Estimation of quality cost HOW EXTENSIVE? large large IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS The organisation is not concentrating on the failure prevention which plays a vital role in the productivity and hence it is unnecessary to make an increments in appraisal and inspection cost. And also there seems that appraisal is given to the unskilled employees were employed in the organisation and they are paid with an appraisal which is unnecessary EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM If the organisation is not going to concentrate on failure prevention then there will be a huge amount of raw materials and money will be wasted. When a semi-skilled labour is employed in the organisation there will be wastage of time and money POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS The organisation must concentrate more on the failure prevention the prior training should be given to the employees are semi-skilled in order to accomplish the quality requirements Problem2 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Absenteeism WHERE IS IT? organisation WHEN DID IT OCCUR? during August and December HOW EXTENSIVE? large IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS The staffs are not proper in adopting the work culture and there seems a lack of commitment towards the work EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM if this happens the entire production will get slow down and production will get delayed and this will lead to a financial loss to the organisation POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS they should be educated about the importance of the group work and they are made to involve in the work Problem3 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Loss in capital employed WHERE IS IT? factory WHEN DID IT OCCUR? Year 2020 HOW EXTENSIVE? large IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS it is observed that the capital investment per unit starting from the year 2016 to 2020 has been consequently decreasing EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM This results in increase in productivity cost and capital investment POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS it is observed that the capital investment per unit starting from the year 2016 to 2020 has been consequently decreasing Problem4 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Some of the painting process is unnecessary WHERE IS IT? factory WHEN DID IT OCCUR? Automated painting process HOW EXTENSIVE? small IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS In the painting process the parts of the robot are under gone a several steps of chemical treatments to prevent the surface free from rust which are normally dried using a hand held hose, where some of the operatives suggest it is unnecessary. EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM This results in waste in time, money and labours assigned to the work POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS avoiding this stage may save the money, the time and the labour assigned to that particular job and they can be used for any other purpose so that the productivity may increase somewhat. Problem 5 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? New precision joining unit WHERE IS IT? precision jointing WHEN DID IT OCCUR? weeks ending 9th and 23rd November HOW EXTENSIVE? large IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS In the organisation they have setup a new precision joining unit for joining the shoulders, arms, elbow, knees and wrist joints of the product which requires own patented joining system which is expensive and requires highly skilled labour technicians and high end latest tools to work. Even though using such high end tools the fine tolerance in jointing mechanisms runs away. And it is observed that the rejections are 10% worse than the norm on the weeks ending 9th and 23rd November. EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM This results a waste of money and time .It gives a poor quality of products POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS Better suggestion regarding this case is to avoid using patented jointing systems Problem 6 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Poor fittings WHERE IS IT? Fitting section WHEN DID IT OCCUR? Fixing an assembly HOW EXTENSIVE? large IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS The assembly is done, mainly by semi-skilled workers using power tools which results in poor fittings more rejections and again they are scraped back to rework on the same products EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM Poor fitting results in more rejections and the which leads to wastage of time, money and labour POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS proper training should be given to the workers for fitting the joints and inspection has to be done properly so that they are not suppose to work on it again. Problem 7 DEVIATION RELEVANT FACTS IRRELEVANT FACTS WHAT IS IT? Repairing the joints WHERE IS IT? precision jointing WHEN DID IT OCCUR? weeks ending 9th and 23rd November HOW EXTENSIVE? moderate IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCTION/ CHANGES / RELATIONSHIPS Even though the management places heavy emphasis on standard productivity the applicators achieve this pace but final assembly is frequently reduced because more time than was expected is spent on repairing the joints. EFFECTS OF THE PROBLEM There is a great deal of grumbling amongst the final assembly workers whose task is made more difficult by misaligned and poorly fitted joints. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS In order to achieve the good quality product the necessary precautions can be taken like training the applicators on the job well with good technical knowledge skills and giving proper feedback on their performance. CONCLUSION: From the case study we can conclude that the organisation is to be managed well in order to increase the productivity rather than the profits and more over we have to concentrate on the miscellaneous expenditures, reducing product and service costs. S

Biography Of Miles Davis Essay -- Jazz, Biographical, Music

Biography of Miles Davis Born on May 26, 1926, Miles Davis is considered to be one of the most influential jazz musicians in history. Being a trumpeter, keyboardist, composer, and band-leader, Miles is responsible for the popularization of many styles of jazz throughout his long and prolific career. Miles Dewey Davis was born into a well-to-do family in the town of Alton, Illinois. The family owned a large portion of a farm where Miles learned to ride horses as a young boy. In 1927 the family moved to East St. Louis. Miles' mother, Cleota Henry, encouraged him to play the violin while his father bought him a trumpet when he turned thirteen and arranged his first lesson with trumpeter Elwood Buchanan. One of the main reasons Miles' father chose the trumpet is due to the fact Cleota was annoyed by its sound. His teacher stressed a style of play that did not involve vibrato. Miles carried this style throughout his entire career. Buchanan would rap Miles' knuckles with a ruler every time he used vibrato. Miles had numerous offers from bands when in high school but his mother insisted he finish school before he continued with his music career. In 1944, the Billy Eckstine band came to St. Louis. Prominent jazz figures during the time including Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker were part of the band. Due to one of the band members being ill, Miles took on the position of third trumpet for a couple weeks. After the band resumed its normal condition, Miles was left behind to finish his academic studies as requested by his parents. ... ...ived the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Due to constant health issues in his later years, Miles passed at the age of 65 due to stroke, pneumonia and respiratory failure. Though Miles Davis' life ended at a rather early age, he left behind work that no other could attempt to emulate. His music is still enjoyed by those of all ages and will be renowned for the future of jazz music. Works Cited 1. "Miles Davis." Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 6 Aug. 2007 . 2. "Miles Davis." Wikipedia. 6 Aug. 2007 . 3. "The Biography of Miles Davis." 6 Aug. 2007 .

Colonization of India Essay

The colonization of India was very slow and very subtle. Europe’s first contacts in India were made initially by the Portuguese. The Portuguese traveled there by sea and took over Indian trade and commerce. In 1492 a Papal Bull was declared, allowing the Portuguese to go to Kerala (May 18th, 1498). They went in search of spices, and Christians. Later in another voyage in 1500 it became the Portuguese mission to convert Indians as well as manipulating the spice trade. 95 years later, in 1595 the Dutch began to invade India. Now two European influences were controlling India. Both the Dutch and Portuguese had prominent influence in India but the most came from England around the year 1600. India at the time was a very powerful place due to its trading possibilities. It had very valuable spice products that many nations desired, especially the English. That is why in 1600 the British East India Trading Company was created, â€Å"After a Dutch company made tremendous profits trading with the spice islands in South-east Asia (known as the East-Indies) eighty English Merchants joined together to form the British East India Company in 1600. Timid traders compared to the Portuguese and Dutch, the English merchants concentrated on amassing wealth. â€Å" (Indian Independence, 7) The trading company was the first way the English asserted themselves in India. In 1665, they gained even more power through the gaining of Bombay (because King Charles married a Portuguese princess) In 1696 the Mughals prohibited more settlement gaining England a mass amount of money. England asserted itself in India through social power, and money. In 1773, as the company almost went bankrupt the English government took over the trading company. This basically gave the English unlimited power in India. At this time the English had great means to colonize India. The British were in the middle of the Industrial Revolution. They were continuously coming up with and producing new technologies, which greatly helped improve their economy. Factories were opened, and railroads were built, demand for English products were huge they were very much in power, coupled with a strong navy this made them very powerful. But the English knew they could not directly take over Indians even with all this power. India was valuable for their Spice production. In order to produce spices, they needed the Indian people happy and alive. The extent of what they could do was send English regiments there, and even many soldiers disagreed with the English motives this made colonization in India difficult, therefore it had to be very subtle and quiet, here is an account of English soldier in Burma, â€Å"All this was perplexing and upsetting. For at that time I had already made up my mind that imperialism was an evil thing and the sooner chucked up my job and got out of it the better. The oretically-and secretly of course- I was all for the Burmese and all against the Burmese, the British. â€Å" (George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant 1) Even those on the side of England opposed England.

In Flanders Fields by John McCrae and Suicide In The Trenches by Siegfried Sassoon Essay

â€Å"Select two of the poems you have studied. Compare and contrast the different attitudes to war expressed by the poets and the techniques used to convey them.† The two poems, which I have chosen, are, â€Å"In Flanders Fields† by John McCrae, and â€Å"Suicide in the Trenches† by Siegfried Sassoon. The poems take opposing views to the war. â€Å"In Flanders Fields† we find McCrae taking a positive, almost religious and very sensitive view about the outcome of war. Whilst in comparison, in â€Å"Suicide in the Trenches†, Sassoon portrays a negative, harsh, cynical and angry view. â€Å"In Flanders Fields† McCrae writes about his views on what happens after dying in war. It is a very personal poem, emphasised by being written using the personal pronouns; â€Å"we and our†, rather than impersonal; â€Å"them and their†. This involves the reader by in a way, including them in the poem. The poem also imparts a strong feeling of patriotism. McCrae uses controlled, everyday language in the poem. The rhyme is steady, and flows smoothly, which draws you into the poem, and that’s what makes me like it. â€Å"Between the crosses, row on row† McCrae uses a lot of repetition. He talks of the crosses on the graves, making sure you realise that there are lots of graves, and how the poppies grow in between. He uses the poppies and the lark as a way of reminding us that we are just like a passing season, born, growing, dying, and then being replaced as nature carries on, even if we don’t! In the first stanza McCrae mainly describes the scene of the poem. In the second stanza, there isn’t enjambement like the first. McCrae uses a caesura in the first line. â€Å"We are the dead.† This forms a definite break. McCrae is making sure that you stop and take in what he is trying to tell you. It is strongly emphasised, abrupt, and it gets to the point. He continues with no complicated words. The language continues to be plain and simple. Again by using â€Å"we† McCrae includes the reader in the feeling of dawn, seeing the sunset glow, a reference to the start and end of the day , a parody of life. McCrae then goes onto writing about how the soldiers loved, and were loved. The keywords in the sentence being â€Å"were†, telling us that they are no more. They can no longer go on loving, or fighting, and are laid to rest in Flanders Fields. In the third and final stanza, McCrae tells us they have â€Å"failing hands†, means that they are losing strength. The soldiers grow weaker and weaker, then when they die they pass on the torch, symbolising responsibility, to the soldiers who are stronger. The torch of unity and hope, like the torch at the Olympic games, it’s symbolic. All the soldiers are being linked together, fighting for something they believe in. McCrae wants new soldiers to carry on fighting for something that they believe in, so that men, who have fought before him, haven’t fought in vain. They need to keep the flame in the torch alive. Then McCrae writes, â€Å"The torch, be yours to hold it high.† Telling us to be proud of the torch, hold it up high, be determined. The torch gives an impression of right, along with pride. Yet he almost invents this with what is almost a threat, contrasting life and death, right and wrong. For example, â€Å"If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep†, I think that McCrae’s attitude towards war is brave. He has hope, and thinks that you should fight for your country as your comrades have done before you. Agree with your country, and keep going till it’s over. It’s a soldier’s duty to die for his country. It should be worthwhile. The poem is patriotic, and has a strong sense of purpose, but it’s sad, and yet dignified. â€Å"Suicide in the Trenches† is a totally different poem. Its verses are simple, they have a strong beat, the lines are rhythmical, and have regular rhyming. The poem was written in 1918, in the First World War, so Sassoon is writing about his experiences. It starts off with the phrase â€Å"simple solider†, using alliteration. The soldier is young, innocent, too young to be fighting, but it seems a pleasant poem. â€Å"Who grinned at life in empty joy, means that the soldier is easily pleased, undemanding, glad with life. When it was dark, and lonesome, the soldier slept through it, happily, he was untroubled, and had nothing to worry about. He got up at the crack of dawn, as the lark does. He was cheerful. This is like a child’s impression of war. That a soldier is brave, and not afraid of anything. The second stanza says that in winter, the trenches are full of rain, snow, and conditions are bad. The young soldier feels cowed and glum, to be â€Å"cowed down†, means subdued. This tells us that he has no spirit left, his spirit has all gone. All the joy in his life has been taken away. â€Å"With crumps and lice† crumps are bursting bombs, warfare, the trenches are lice infested. There is a lack of rum. The soldiers are issued with rum for courage, before they go out and fight, they have some, it’s a way of keeping their spirits up, but there is even a lack of rum too! The poem is getting more and more angry. In the same stanza, Sassoon writes, â€Å"He put a bullet through his brain.† This has a harsh simplicity. We are shocked by what Sassoon is writing. This once so pleasant, and untroubled boy, has now found this so hard, that he has taken his own life. It is very abrupt, and comes out of the blue. â€Å"No one spoke of him again.† All his fellow soldiers are ashamed of what he did to himself. He left them, and didn’t have to courage to go on. It was a shameful, and easy way out. But it was out of shock and horror that he killed himself. I think that also people were ashamed of themselves for not helping him, and that he had to do it as a way out. He felt he had no other option. The third stanza becomes more general. It stops being so personal. We begin to feel what the writer feels, very bitter and angry towards war. All the people at home, were thinking they knew everything about the war, when they didn’t have to go through what the soldiers were going through. They didn’t have any experience of the reality of war. They dress up the war and the truth is hidden. They are â€Å"Smug†, self-satisfied people, who will send other people off to war, but wouldn’t go themselves. â€Å"Kindling eye† is a way of pointing out their excitement, getting a fire going, that they are lit up with enthusiasm for war, which they wont fight. The people are hiding away from what the soldiers have to do. War is hell. War has taken away all the soldier’s youth and laughter goes. There is no laughter in war. The men don’t get to live their youth, and have to fight, and kill. The two poems are therefore totally different, but they have the same structure. The both have three stanzas, and have generally got a steady beat throughout. They have opposite meanings. They both start off pleasant, and â€Å"Flanders Fields† stays that way, it is sad but with a positive outlook on the way. But Sassoon’s â€Å"Suicide in the trenches† changes abruptly and becomes very negative. They both talk about death, but in totally opposite ways, â€Å"In Flanders Fields† says it is worth dying for your country, and what you believe in. But on the other hand, â€Å"Suicide in the Trenches† says it isn’t worth going through the hell of war, and losing your life for nothing. They are both very personal poems, even though Sassoon’s becomes less personal towards the end. Both the poets have lived through war, and both the poems were written in the same year, during WW1. Both the poems have simple, easy to understand, everyday language.